What is Scout trying to accomplish as she speaks to Mr. Cunningham?
To Kill a Mockingbird
Comprehensive Storyform
The following analysis reveals a comprehensive await at the Storyform for To Kill a Mockingbird. Unlike most of the analysis found here—which simply lists the unique individual story appreciations—this in-depth written report details the bodily encoding for each structural item. This as well ways it has been incorporated into the Dramatica Story Proficient awarding itself as an hands referenced contextual example.
Story Dynamics
8 of the 12 essential questions
- Change
- Chief Grapheme Resolve
Scout changes when she realizes Boo Radley has saved Jem's and her life, and he is a man who is a friend, not a man to fear.
- Starting time
- Main Grapheme Growth
Sentry lacks open-mindedness as she sees issues in blackness and white. Her tolerance of individual differences starts when she can understand another person'southward point of view.
- Do-er
- Main Grapheme Approach
Scout attempts to solve a trouble past outset taking action, an approach that oftentimes gets her into problem. As an example, she is reprimanded when Miss Caroline wants to lend the poor merely proud Walter Cunningham lunch money, and Sentry jumps in to explain that it is not the Cunningham way:
I would have saved myself some inconvenience and Miss Caroline subsequent mortification, merely it was beyond my ability to explain things too as Atticus, so I said, "Y'all're shamin' him, Miss Caroline. Walter hasn't got a quarter at abode to bring y'all, and you can't use any stovewood." Miss Caroline stood stock notwithstanding, then grabbed me by the collar and hauled me back to her desk-bound. "Jean Louise, I've had well-nigh enough of you lot this morning," she said. "You're starting off on the wrong foot in every style…" (Lee, 1960, p. 24) - Male person
- Main Grapheme Mental Sex
Watch considers each trouble she comes up confronting as a carve up upshot, not realizing the connections that make up a bigger picture.
- Decision
- Story Driver
Atticus decides to accept Tom Robinson'southward case even though he is sure to lose; the jury decides Tom Robinson is guilty of raping Mayella although evidence points to the contrary; Aunt Alexandra decides to move into the Finch household and exert her influence over the children; Heck Tate decides against arresting Boo Radley for Bob Ewell'southward death "'It ain't your decision, Mr. Finch it's all mine'" (Lee, 1960, p. 303); and so along.
- Optionlock
- Story Limit
There is no fourth dimension limit in the endeavour of bringing Tom Robinson to justice. Fifty-fifty after a verdict of "guilty," Atticus plans to appeal. This last option is exhausted when Tom Robinson is fatally shot in an effort to escape incarceration.
- Failure
- Story Outcome
The courtroom demands its witnesses to give their honest recollection of what happened on November 21 at the Ewell'southward shack in order that justice may be served. This goal is not achieved; Bob and Mayella Ewell lie about what they remember, and as they have lied to the sheriff, Heck Tate, his retentivity is biased; Tom Robinson tells what really happened but is however institute guilty of a criminal offence he did not commit.
- Skillful
- Story Judgment
Once Spotter accepts Boo, she is finally able to comprehend her begetter's lesson of stepping in someone else's shoes to understand their perspective, "Atticus was right. One time he said you never really know a man until you stand in his shoes and walk around in them. Simply standing on the Radley porch was enough" (Lee, 1960, p. 308).
Overall Story Throughline
""The Trials and Tribulations of Tom Robinson""
- Mind
- Overall Story Throughline
In an endeavor to avert the changing times, the small-scale town southerners of Maycomb County concur onto their stock-still attitudes regarding race, course, and gender by indulging in the myths they accept perpetuated; the children accept a fixed mental attitude concerning Boo Radley and Mrs. Dubose; "The Radley Identify was inhabited by an unknown entity the mere description of whom was enough to make us behave for days on cease; Mrs. Dubose was plain hell…neighborhood opinion was unanimous that Mrs. Dubose was the meanest woman who ever lived." (Lee, 1960, pp. 7, 39)
- Memory
- Overall Story Concern
Aunt Alexandra is concerned with the Finches remembering their social position:
I never understood her preoccupation with heredity. Somewhere, I had received the impression that Fine Folks were people who did the best they could with the sense they had, just Aunt Alexandra was of the opinion, obliquely expressed, that the longer a family had been squatting on one patch of country the finer it was. (Lee, 1960, p. 143); Scout forces Mr. Cunningham to remember who she is, thus shaming him into disbanding the mob out to get Tom Robinson; Mayella wants to forget she made sexual overtures to a black man, "'Tom Robinson was a daily reminder of what she did. What did she do? She tempted a Negro'" (Lee, 1960, p. 225). Jem enjoys glue that Boo Radley has placed in a tree, "...the fact that everything on the Radley Place was toxicant having slipped Jem's retention" (Lee, 1960, p. 67); and then forth. - Falsehood
- Overall Story Issue
Thematic issues revolving effectually falsehood are explored in various ways in To Kill a Mockingbird. Information technology is especially evident that falsehood, in the guise of myth is a way of life in Maycomb.
- Truth
- Overall Story Counterpoint
Although there is very little truth expressed in the society that makes up Maycomb, information technology is shown to be advantageous.
- Overall Story Thematic Conflict
Falsehood vs.TruthLee explores the conflict that occurs when the fabrication of reality every bit an accepted way of life collides with the truth. As an case, when Dill comments on Miss Rachel'southward excessive drinking, Aunt Alexandra reprimands him, "'Don't talk like that, Dill,' said Aunt Alexandra. 'It's not becoming to a child. 'It's-contemptuous.' 'I ain't cynical, Miss Alexandra. Tellin' the truth's non contemptuous, is it'" (Lee, 1960, p. 236).
- Inequity
- Overall Story Problem
When a Negro is falsely accused of rape, the townspeople judge him guilty based on his colour, creating obvious problems for the defendant and his family, and the fair-minded adults and children who are disgusted by prejudice and hypocrisy:
"There's something in our earth that makes men lose their heads-they couldn't be fair if they tried. In our courts, when it's a white homo's word against a black man'due south, the white man always wins. They're ugly, but those are the facts of life." (Lee, 1960, p. 243) - Disinterestedness
- Overall Story Solution
Atticus addresses the jury with a passionate speech communication on equality as he entreats them to come upwardly with a "not guilty" verdict:
...there is 1 fashion in this land in which all men are created equal-at that place is one human establishment that makes a pauper the equal of a Rockefeller, the stupid human the equal of an Einstein and the ignorant man the equal of a college president. That establishment, gentlemen, is a court…and in our courts all men are created equal. (Lee, 1960, pp. 266-267) - Projection
- Overall Story Symptom
Atticus discusses with the children, that because of the lengthy period of time and the magnitude of the way whites have treated Negroes unfairly, what will probably happen in the future:
"In that location's nothing more sickening to me than a low-course white human being who'll have advantage of a Negro's ignorance. Don't fool yourselves-it's all adding up, and one of these days we're going to pay the bill for it. I promise it'due south not in you children's fourth dimension. (Lee, 1960, pp. 243-244) - Speculation
- Overall Story Response
The townspeople are happy with the "guilty" verdict, believing information technology will keep the Negro customs in its place.:
"Well, coming out of the court-firm that night Miss Gates…was talking with Miss Stephanie Crawford. I heard her say it's time somebody taught 'em a lesson, they were gettin' way to a higher place themselves, an' the next thing they recall they can practise is marry united states." (Lee, 1960, p. 272)
Calpurnia explains to Miss Rachel's cook why Atticus refuses to speculate what volition happen afterward he appeals Tom Robinson's case, "'First thing y'all learn in a lawin' family unit is that at that place ain't whatever definite answers to annihilation. Mr. Finch couldn't say somethin's then when he doesn't know for certain it's then'" (Lee, 1960, p. 259).
Dill is sickened by the racism in the community and determines the only fashion he tin can live with it in the future is to become an entertainer:
"'I think I'll be a clown when I get grown…there ain't one affair in this world I can do well-nigh folks except express joy, so I'm gonna join the circus and laugh my caput off'" (Lee, 1960, p. 238). - Suspicion
- Overall Story Catalyst
Tom Robinson's lack of suspicion gets him into trouble in the showtime place; he willingly walks into Mayella'southward dwelling house thinking she needs his help. When she accosts him, he runs and is caught past Bob Ewell who claims he tried to rape his daughter, which begins the story of Tom Robinson'south trial. Atticus's success in planting the seeds of doubt in the townspeople'south mind about Bob Ewell's honesty causes the varmint to seek revenge, accelerating the story to its climactic moment when Bob Ewell attempts to murder the Finch children, "'...he knows in his heart that very few people in Maycomb really believe his and Mayella'south yarns'" (Lee, 1960, p. 275); and and then forth.
- Prediction
- Overall Story Inhibitor
Judge Taylor postpones Tom Robinson's trial until summer session in hopes of diffusing the anticipated volatile feelings surrounding the case; Atticus'south foresight in selecting a juror who is non automatically prone to judging a Negro man "guilty" slows the jury'southward deliberation process; and and then forth.
- Hidden
- Overall Story Benchmark
Bones drives and desires are the means by which progress is measured in the Objective Story. It is established in the beginning of the story that the community has put up with the white trash family, the Ewell's, for years without it having too much result on the sleepy town. Yet, the trial that shatters the peace of Maycomb comes about because Bob Ewell'south daughter's increasing loneliness drives her to commit a drastic act. Mayella Ewell's "'desires were stronger than the code she was breaking, she persisted in breaking it…she did something unspeakable: she kissed a black human'" (Lee, 1960, pp. 224-225); Bob Ewell makes progress in his drive for revenge against those he thinks take harmed him. He terrorizes Helen Robinson, intimidates Judge Taylor, and moves on to murder the Finch children; the more Mrs. Dubose is motivated to free herself from morphine addiction, the more hurting she is in and the more mean she becomes-serving to teach the children a lesson in moral backbone; Tom Robinson has a bones drive to exist a gratuitous human being, simply any progress Atticus could take made toward that end is halted when Tom is killed while escaping prison; and so along.
- Overall Story Throughline Synopsis
The events in Harper Lee'southward "To Kill A Mockingbird" are told from the point of view of six-year-old Sentry Finch, as she witnesses the transformations that take place in her pocket-size Alabama town during a controversial trial in which her male parent agrees to defend a black homo who is unjustly accused of raping a white woman. The narrative voice, withal, is that of a mature woman, looking back on these events from the perspective of adulthood. Her story depicts the gradual moral awakening of the two children every bit they come to appreciate their father's backbone and integrity in resisting the pressures of minor-town discrimination and injustice. They come to realize that things are not e'er what they seem and that the individual must sometimes be willing to defend unpopular views if he believes that he is doing what is correct. (Angyal, 1986, p. 1677)
- Overall Story Backstory
The Objective Story Trouble of Inequity is the root of the story'due south problems in terms of inequality between race, course, and sex. As stated by Sova (1993):
A variety of prejudices combine to form the character of the town of Maycomb and to influence the evolution of the author's narration. Essential to the novel, of course, is the matter of race, which makes the words of a lower-class white adult female, from a known ne'er-do-well family, readily accepted when set against those of a Negro whose graphic symbol many of the townspeople would previously have vouched for…The people of Maycomb cannot let the white woman's accusation go unanswered. To do so would make the white element less secure in its assumed superiority.
Race is not the merely factor past which people are divided into various social levels in Maycomb. Form is nearly an equally important aspect in creating the caste system according to which Maycomb functions. The divisions are clear…The role of caste…is intertwined with that of superstition, education, and race separating individuals from each other. Rational thinking has trivial or no role in determining the social placement of blackness or white, Finch or Cunningham. To a big extent, it is simply the way things "take always been," and in order to maintain their sense of security, it is the way that people want things to stay.
Ane further area of prejudice is ...the treatment of women. For example, underlying the entire trial and ordeal of Tom Robinson is the premium which the southern male places on the virtue of white southern womanhood…So great is the belief that white men must "protect their woman" from the mythic, lusty onslaught of the hot-blooded "nigger" that the muddled testimony of a white woman of doubtful reputation remains superior to that of a stable, gentle, unassuming black man…
These 3 forms of prejudice-race, class, and sex-...create a graphic picture of a restrictive lodge which prefers to cling blindly to what has ever been, rather than to modify its ways and accept alter and progress. (Sova, 1993, pp. 49, 51-53).
Additional Overall Story Information →
Primary Character Throughline
Jean Louise (Watch) — Daughter, Narrator
- Physics
- Main Graphic symbol Throughline
Scout is not i to sit still. She takes the initiative to speak up on behalf of Walter Cunningham to Miss Caroline; she steps frontwards into the group of men who are threatening Atticus; she jumps on her cousin in defense force of her father'southward reputation; she runs past Boo'southward business firm to avoid capture past the ghost, "When I passed the Radley Place for the quaternary time that twenty-four hour period-twice at full gallup-my gloom had deepened to match the house" (Lee, 1960, p. 31).
- Understanding
- Master Graphic symbol Business concern
Spotter is concerned with the significant of adult'due south words and actions every bit a way of agreement her earth. She observes behavior that quite often bewilders her, but every bit she goes through a series of maturing experiences, she begins to comprehend that non all people act or believe as she has been raised to, and tolerance and respect for these differences are important.
- Interpretation
- Main Character Issue
Every bit astute as Scout is in collecting sensory perceptions, she lacks the maturity to fully interpret what she sees or hears. Every bit an instance, when Aunt Alexandra forbids her to visit Calpurnia'due south dwelling house, Scout doesn't understand information technology is because her aunt does not believe races should socially mingle:
Aunt Alexandra had spoken. I was reminded vividly of the terminal time she had put her pes downwardly. I never knew why. It was when I was absorbed with plans to visit Calpurnia's business firm-I was curious, interested; I wanted to exist her 'company', to come across how she lived, who her friends were. I might also have wanted to run across the other side of the moon. (Lee, 1960, p. 247) - Senses
- Chief Graphic symbol Counterpoint
Although Watch doesn't always empathize what her senses are telling her, it doesn't stop her from using them. For example, as a niggling daughter, she looked at the written word long before she understood what the symbols meant:
I could non call back when the lines above Atticus's moving finger separated into words, but I had stared at them all the evenings in my memory, listening to the news of the twenty-four hour period, Bills To Be Enacted into Laws, the diaries of Lorenzo Dow-anything Atticus happened to be reading when I crawled into his lap every night. (Lee, 1960, p. xx) - Main Character Thematic Disharmonize
Interpretation vs.SensesSentry is a highly sensitive child. Her ears and eyes are wide open merely because of her historic period, Picket cannot render true significant from all she observes. Every bit she acquires more learning experiences, she becomes more adept at understanding what is really going on below her surface observations. For example, Atticus must correctly interpret for Spotter the confusing incidents of her first solar day of school, yet much afterwards on she is able to read Mr. Underwood's editorial about the senseless killing of Tom Robinson and understand the pregnant behind the words:
Then Mr. Underwood's meaning became clear: Atticus had used every tool available to free men to save Tom Robinson, simply in the cloak-and-dagger courts of men's hearts Atticus had no example. Tom was a dead human being the minute Mayella Ewell opened her mouth and screamed. (Lee, 1960, p. 266) - Inequity
- Master Grapheme Trouble
Lookout has a bones and primal sense of justice. This creates bug for her when she is confronted with what she feels is an unfair situation, ranging from Calpurnia scolding her to the racist attitudes of the townspeople.
- Disinterestedness
- Principal Character Solution
Lookout man is given to understand that it is unlikely she will see parity between the races in her lifetime, even so, she can strive for fairness in situations she tin can command-for example her constant battles with the cook; "Calpurnia's tyranny, unfairness, and meddling in my business organization had faded to gentle grumblings of general disapproval. On my office, I went to much trouble, sometimes, not to provoke her" (Lee, 1960, p. 38).
- Order
- Main Character Symptom
Scout'south life has a certain order to it. She focuses on the difficulties she encounters while trying to make sense out of any changes to that order, for instance when Jem begins to go through puberty, distancing himself from her; when Aunt Alexandra comes to live with them, and tries to turn the recalcitrant tomboy into a lady; when Dill doesn't come to Maycomb for the summertime as he usually does, "With him, life was routine, without him, life was unbearable" (Lee, 1960, p. 128); and so forth.
- Chaos
- Main Graphic symbol Response
When Scout is faced with an unfair situation, she deals with it head on. When she is faced with random modify that she cannot make sense out of, she becomes withdrawn.
- Interpretation
- Main Character Unique Ability
Scout correctly construes the pregnant of Heck Tate's words as his way of protecting Boo from what could be an unfair situation-like the one Tom Robinson suffered through-when he informs Atticus he has no intention of bringing Boo Radley in for Bob Ewell'southward death:
"'To my way of thinkin', Mr. Finch, taking the ane homo who'south done you and this town a great service an' draggin' him with his shy ways into the limelight-to me, that's a sin'" (Lee, 1960, p. 304). She reassures Atticus that not putting Boo on trial is the right and simply decision:
Atticus saturday looking at the floor for a long time. Finally he raised his head. "Sentry," he said "Mr. Ewell fell on his knife. Can you maybe understand?"..."Yes sir, I understand," I reassured him. "Mr. Tate was right." Atticus disengaged himself and looked at me. "What practice you hateful?" "Well, information technology'd exist sort of like shootin' a mockingbird, wouldn't it?" (Lee, 1960, p. 304) - Situation
- Master Character Critical Flaw
The fact that Scout is a child in an adult world makes it virtually impossible for her thoughts on what is fair and equitable to carry whatsoever weight with the people who could consequence change.
- Obtaining
- Main Character Criterion
Each time Scout goes through a new learning feel, she achieves more of an agreement of her globe and the different people who populate it. As an example, although she initially believed Mrs. Dubose to be a vindictive and mean woman, Lookout man learns how courageous the old lady was when she learns from her father of her biting fight to overcome morphine addiction:
She had her own views about things, a lot unlike from mine…I wanted you to see something about her-I wanted yous to meet what real courage is…it's when y'all know y'all're licked earlier yous brainstorm but you brainstorm anyway and y'all see information technology through no matter what…Mrs. Dubose won…(Lee, 1960, p. 124) - Master Character Description
The feisty, tomboyish 6-year-quondam daughter of Atticus; narrator of the story
- Main Graphic symbol Throughline Synopsis
"The events of To Impale a Mockingbird are told from the point of view of six-year-old Scout Finch, every bit she witnesses the transformations that accept place in her modest Alabama town during a controversial trial" (Angyal, 1986, p.1677). Scout struggles to empathise the complex issues of social prejudice: her own biased feelings against a mysterious neighbor, and the townspeople'due south prejudicial attitudes regarding race, course, and gender.
- Main Character Backstory
Spotter was built-in into a household where treating people fairly is paramount. Information technology is considering of this she is able to recognize when an injustice is done, to her or to someone else:
"You lot own't fair," I said, "yous own't fair." Uncle Jack'due south eyebrows went up. "Not fair? How not?" "You gonna give me a chance to tell you? I don't hateful to sass you lot, I'one thousand merely tryin' to tell you lot." I took a deep breath. "Well in the first place yous never stopped to gimme a hazard to tell you my side of it-you just lit right into me. When Jem and I fuss Atticus doesn't ever just heed to Jem's side of it, he hears mine too…"(Lee, 1960, p. 95)
Additional Main Character Information →
Influence Character Throughline
Arthur (Boo) Radley — Mysterious Neighbor
- Psychology
- Influence Character Throughline
Boo Radley must maneuver within the confines of the way people think most him. In what he felt was Boo'south best interest, his begetter had shut him upwards in the house. Keeping Boo hidden away creates a mystique fueled past ignorance and fear to surround Boo, serving to undermine his efforts to function in the outside earth, and specially to make friends with the neighborhood children.
- Conceptualizing
- Influence Graphic symbol Business organization
In order to make friends with the children without frightening them, Boo comes up with the idea of leaving them gifts in a tree.
- Circumstances
- Influence Graphic symbol Issue
Boo Radley is very unhappy with his environs. He is a recluse, and the implication is that is it is non by his own option. He makes several attempts to convalesce his lonely state by trying to befriend the children. He eventually is able to make a positive impact on the children; they come to understand he is not a monster, and the circumstances surrounding his life were and are across his control.
- Situation
- Influence Graphic symbol Counterpoint
A reasonable evaluation of Maycomb finds Boo Radley equally simply i of its many eccentrics.
- Influence Graphic symbol Thematic Conflict
Circumstances vs.SituationBoo'due south living situation is ane of a desolate recluse, which leaves him emotionally deprived of friendship.
- Desire
- Influence Character Problem
Boo's bulldoze to befriend and protect the children is a problem for him because, in the Radley family fashion of doing things, his older blood brother wants him to continue to himself. Equally an example, subsequently discovering Boo has been putting gifts in a tree for Watch and Jem, Nathan Radley fills the knot-hole with cement to cease him from continuing.
- Ability
- Influence Character Solution
When the children are in danger of being killed, Boo is able to save their lives, which enables him afterward to come forward and encounter them, "He turned to me and nodded towards the forepart door. 'You'd similar to say expert night to Jem, wouldn't yous, Mr. Arthur? Come right in'" (Lee, 1960, p. 305).
- Projection
- Influence Character Symptom
The probability that Scout will never meet Boo is a problem for her, as she will never learn to have him until she does:
But I still looked for him each time I went by. Perhaps someday we would see him…Information technology was only a fantasy. Nosotros would never see him. He probably did get out when the moon was down and gaze at Miss Stephanie Crawford. I'd accept picked somebody else to look at, merely that was his concern. He would never gaze at the states. (Lee, 1960, p. 267) - Speculation
- Influence Grapheme Response
Scout spends a considerable amount of time fantasizing most ever meeting Boo, every bit she looks for him each time she passes by his business firm, "'You aren't starting that again, are you?' said Atticus one dark, when I expressed a stray desire merely to have 1 good look at Boo Radley before I died. 'If yous are, I'll tell yous right at present: stop it'" (Lee, 1960, p. 267).
- Circumstances
- Influence Grapheme Unique Ability
Boo must carry Jem back to the Finch'southward for medical attention. These circumstances result in Scout, in her own home, to literally face her personal problem-the man she has prejudiced herself against.
- Senses
- Influence Graphic symbol Critical Flaw
Boo has been made an invisible being by his family. As no-i tin can see or hear him, his efforts at making friends are blocked.
- Condign
- Influence Graphic symbol Criterion
Equally Boo overcomes his shyness toward the children he is able to envision ways to make friends with them.
- Influence Character Description
A 30-3-yr-old recluse who lives adjacent door to the Finches.
- Influence Character Throughline Synopsis
As a young boy Boo Radley fell in with the wrong crowd causing his father to shut him abroad in their dwelling house. Boo is not seen or heard once more for fifteen years until he coolly stabs his begetter's leg with a pair of pair of scissors, causing a scandal and contributing to the neighborhood legend of the Radley household horrors:
"'You reckon he's crazy?' Miss Maudie shook her head. 'If he's not he should be by at present. The things that happen to people we really never know. What happens in households behind closed doors, what secrets-'" (Lee, 1960, p. 51).
The children of the neighborhood are equal parts fascinated and terrified of Boo, but as time goes past, they come to realize he is only a shy recluse who has their all-time interests at heart. He watches their games, leaves them gifts, and ultimately saves their lives. - Influence Character Backstory
Boo's desire to befriend the Finch children arises from his existence shut away in his home for and so many years. If he merely had the wherewithal to cantankerous the street and say "hey" he would have no problem, and therefore would potentially not serve equally a person Scout would be prejudiced against, thus eliminating a way for Scout to recognize her own biases.
More Influence Character Information →
Relationship Story Throughline
""The Boo Next Door""
- Universe
- Relationship Story Throughline
As a set of external circumstances, Lookout and Boo'south homes are situated near each other's, "The Radley Place jutted into a sharp curve across our house" (Harper, 1960, p. 9); equally a child with an active imagination and natural curiosity, Scout is intrigued with Boo's (non) existence as a shut-in; it is also evident that Boo watches over Scout and the various predicaments she finds herself in.
- Past
- Human relationship Story Concern
It is Boo Radley's murky history that fascinates Scout. Since all she knows of him are the horror stories of his by, she would not call back to make friends with him, which is exactly what Boo would like her to practice.
- Destiny
- Relationship Story Outcome
It is Scout's destiny that the human being she fears the well-nigh will be the one to save her life and truly teach her the lesson of agreement another person's point of view.
- Fate
- Human relationship Story Counterpoint
Because Boo is so determined to make friends with Sentinel, and because of the close proximity of their homes, information technology is inevitable the two volition come into contact.
- Relationship Story Thematic Disharmonize
Destiny vs.FateSentry and Boo volition have chance encounters on the way to discovering each other every bit a friend.
- Inequity
- Relationship Story Problem
Picket and Boo'southward relationship is unequal. Boo'due south feelings of friendship for Scout are disproportionate to her feelings of revulsion for him.
- Equity
- Human relationship Story Solution
Boo saving Scout'due south and her brother's life balances out their human relationship. Boo is able to come forward and act on his feelings of friendship for the child; Lookout man is able to "'climb into his skin and walk around in it'" (Lee, 1960, p. 33) and finally accept Boo as a human, "'Atticus, he was real nice…'..'About people are, Sentinel, when yous finally run across them'" (Lee, 1960, p. 309).
- Ability
- Relationship Story Symptom
Because of his shy ways, Boo is unable to come out of the house and encounter young Scout in the usual neighborly mode; considering she is terrified of the ghost stories she has heard most Boo Radley, Scout is unable to say "hey" to her neighbor across the way.
- Want
- Relationship Story Response
Boo is motivated to make friends with Lookout man, and continues to take steps to exercise so despite attempts by his family to stop him, and despite her obvious fright of him. Every bit Scout grows up she is driven to larn how to see from some other person's point of view; Miss Caroline's, Mrs. Dubose's, and ultimately, Boo Radley's.
- Interdiction
- Relationship Story Catalyst
Spotter and Boo's relationship moves frontwards when she realizes it is he who is leaving gifts in the tree, has protected her from the cold, and has mended her brother's pants. Ultimately, Boo's interference of Bob Ewell's attempt to kill Scout and her brother accelerates their human relationship equally the 2 finally come face up to face up and Spotter realizes Boo is indeed a friend.
- Prove
- Relationship Story Inhibitor
The data Spotter gathers well-nigh Boo supports her belief he is a ghoul which slows the friendship betwixt the two:
"He goes out, all correct, when it's pitch night. Miss Stephanie Crawford said she woke up in the eye of the dark one fourth dimension and saw him looking straight through the window at her…said his head was like a skull lookin' at her…I've seen his tracks in our back thou many a mornin', and i night I heard him scratching on the back screen…"(Lee, 1960, p. 14) - Hereafter
- Relationship Story Criterion
Boo's intervention of Bob Ewell'due south try to murder the Finch children ensures Sentry's time to come, giving rise to the dramatic growth in their human relationship-Boo need not make whatever more attempts in the future to win Scout's friendship, and Picket's acceptance of Boo paves the way to her future as a compassionate woman.
- Relationship Story Throughline Synopsis
Lookout man's fear mixed with curiosity leads to her spending a considerable amount of fourth dimension thinking about (and running from) the mysterious Boo Radley:
Every night-audio I heard from my cot on the back porch was magnified three-fold; every scratch of feet on gravel was Boo Radley seeking revenge, every passing Negro laughing in the night was Boo Radley loose and after united states; insects splashing confronting the screen were Boo Radley's insane fingers picking the wire to pieces…(Lee, 1960, pp. 61-62). Scout gradually becomes aware that Boo wants to befriend her and her brother, by finding gifts he has left in the tree for them and covering her with a coating when she is cold. Boo'southward concluding heroic act of saving the children causes her to realize the homo she thought of as a "haint" is just a homo who is painfully shy and part of a family situation that does not let for outside friendships. - Relationship Story Backstory
Boo's lone country and the superstitions about he and his family unit had been created earlier Scout was born, "The misery of that firm began many years before Jem and I were born" (Lee, 1960, p. 10). Scout looks upon Boo Radley with suspicion and fear, exacerbated by the superstitions she has listened to from the time she was a kid:
The Maycomb school grounds adjoined the back of the Radley lot; from the Radley chicken-thousand alpine pecan copse shook their fruit into the schoolhouse yard, only the basics lay untouched by the children: Radley pecans would kill you. A baseball hit into the Radley yard was a lost ball and no questions asked. (Lee, 1960, p. nine)
Additional Relationship Story Information →
Additional Story Points
Key Structural Appreciations
- Memory
- Overall Story Goal
The court demands its witnesses to give their honest recollection of what happened on November 21 between Tom Robinson and Mayella Ewell in guild that justice might be served.
- Past
- Overall Story Consequence
In the interest of justice, witnesses are called to prove to provide an insight into what happened between Tom and Mayella. Bob Ewell'due south version of the events that occurred is clearly a lie, and as a consequence he is non able to put the bad reputation he has had in the by with the townspeople behind him, "...He knows in his centre that very few people in Maycomb really believe his and Mayella's yarns. He thought he'd exist a hero but all he got for his pains was…was, okay, we'll captive this Negro but become back to your dump." (Lee, 1960, pp. 275-276); Rather than look for his instance to be put before the courtroom of appeals, Tom Robinson, believing the past will not change attempts to escape prison and is shot downwards, "'I gauge Tom was tired of white men's chances and preferred to take his own'" (Lee, 1960, p. 260); The Negroes in the customs already suffer from their past history of slavery, and every bit Tom's honest recollections of the events of November 21 practise not consequence in justice, an opportunity for the Negro community to rise above their by is lost.
- Conceptualizing
- Overall Story Cost
The jury will have to imagine a Negro is telling the truth and white people are lying, a scenario the townspeople with a fixed attitude concerning race are not likely to envision; Tom loses his life when he comes up with a plan for escape and makes a run for freedom; Jem loses his idealistic view of Maycomb and must envision a new fashion to think about his neighbors, "It's like bein' a caterpillar in a cocoon, that's what it is." he said. "Like somethin' asleep wrapped up in a warm place. I always thought Maycomb folks were the best folks in the world, least that's what they seemed similar." (Lee, 1960, p. 237)
- Understanding
- Overall Story Dividend
In the attempt to achieve the goal, understanding of other matters is reached as an unexpected benefit. For example, Atticus understands the Negro community is thankful for his representation of Tom Robinson when special foodstuffs are delivered to his home:
Calpurnia said, "This was all 'circular the back steps when I got here this morning. They-they 'preciate what yous did, Mr. Finch. They-they aren't oversteppin' themselves, are they?" Atticus'due south eyes filled with tears. He did not speak for a moment. "Tell them I'm very grateful," he said. "Tell them-tell them they must never do this once again. Times are too hard…" (Lee, 1960, p. 235)
Aunt Alexandra, upset at the state of her brother's declining wellness because of the stress of the trial, begins to appreciate the meaning behind the option of Atticus equally Tom Robinson's attorney as Miss Maudie comforts her:
"I mean this boondocks…They're perfectly willing to let him wreck his wellness doing what they're agape to do, they're- "Be repose, they'll hear yous," said Miss Maudie. "Have you e'er thought of it this way, Alexandra? Whether Maycomb knows it or not, we're paying the highest tribute we tin pay a man. We trust him to do correct. It's that simple." (Lee, 1960, p. 261) - Subconscious
- Overall Story Requirements
It is Mayella's deprivation of love and man kindness that drives her to tempt Tom to brand love to her, "Equally Tom Robinson gave his testimony, information technology came to me that Mayella Ewell must accept been the loneliest person in the world" (Lee, 1960, p. 211); Bob Ewell's hatred toward Negroes and want to cover up his own wrong doings toward his daughter motivate him to charge Tom of the crime.
- Future
- Overall Story Prerequisites
Mayella prepared for the prospect of an assignation with Tom by saving her nickels for a year with the plan of sending her siblings out of the business firm for ice cream once he'd arrived.
- Becoming
- Overall Story Preconditions
Mayella must become a victim of her father'due south abuse; Tom Robinson must become defendant of the crime; and so forth.
- Obtaining
- Overall Story Forewarnings
Tom receives a "guilty" verdict and is sentenced to jail, resulting in his giving up on the justice system; Bob Ewell threatens those he thinks have caused harm to his reputation. When he hears of Tom'due south death he said "information technology made i down and two more than to go" (Lee, 1960, p. 266). Ewell tries to intimidate Approximate Taylor in his dwelling, and his third attempt to avenge the ruination of his reputation is to impale Atticus Finch'due south children.
Plot Progression
Dynamic Act Appreciations
Overall Story
- Retention
- Overall Story Signpost 1
The townspeople have different recollections of the Radley family's history; Scout describes her melt, the maternal figure of her youth, "She had been with usa e'er since Jem was born, and I had felt her tyrannical presence every bit long equally I could remember" (Lee, 1960, p. half dozen); Scout has no recollection of her female parent who had died when she was ii, but her brother does, "He remembered her clearly, and sometimes in the middle of a game he would sigh at length, then go off and play past himself behind the auto-house" (Lee, 1960, p. 6).
- Overall Story Journey i from Memory to Subconscious
Equally an example of how the Objective Story progresses from Memory to the Subconscious, Atticus recollects with Uncle Jack the way Maycomb always reacts to conflict betwixt blacks and whites, and the archaic anger that accompanies it:
I promise and pray I can get Jem and Scout through it without bitterness, and most of all, without catching Maycomb's usual illness. Why reasonable people go stark raving mad when anything involving a Negro comes up, is something I don't pretend to understand (Lee, 1960 p. 98);
As Dill leaves to go home "he patently remembered he was engaged to me, for he ran back out and kissed me swiftly in front of Jem" (Lee, 1960, p. 61); and so along. - Subconscious
- Overall Story Signpost ii
Atticus'south fear for the safety of his children and neighbors causes him to shoot a rabid dog, "'I guess he decided he wouldn't shoot till he had to, and he had to today'" (Lee, 1960, p. 109); on the discipline of Mrs. Dubose, the children'due south essential feelings are clear, "Jem and I hated her" (Lee, 1960, p. 110).
- Overall Story Journey two from Subconscious to Conscious
The lynch mob's acrimony and determination to hang Tom Robinson is diffused when they stop to consider the innocent words of a kid.
- Conscious
- Overall Story Signpost 3
Jem and Lookout contemplate Calpurnia's life exterior of their habitation, "That Calpurnia led a modest double life never dawned on me. The thought that she had a dissever existence outside our household was a novel 1, to say zippo of her having command of 2 languages" (Lee, 1960, p.138); Link Deas asks Heck Tate to consider a change of venue for the trial to avoid trouble; and so forth.
- Overall Story Journeying 3 from Conscious to Preconscious
Atticus asks Mayella to "'consider this calmly-'" (Lee, 1960, p. 205) when she babbles on her testimony; The jury considers all the show before them, evidence that clearly rules out Tom Robinson guilt, yet they give into their racist impulses and sentence him to jail.
- Preconscious
- Overall Story Signpost 4
Jem's response to the "guilty" verdict is to cry; In response to the news of Bob Ewell's death, "For one time in his life, Atticus's instinctive courtesy failed him: he sat where he was" (Lee, p. 294); Sentinel'southward reaction to seeing the man she has feared for so many years is to "run instinctively to the bed where Jem was sleeping…" (Lee, 1960, p. 298); and then along.
Main Graphic symbol
- Doing
- Main Character Signpost 1
Scout play acts with Jem and Dill; Scout acts as a tomboy when she tackles Walter Cunningham:
"Communicable Walter Cunningham in the school yard gave me some pleasance, but when I was rubbing his nose in the dirt Jem came by and told me to finish" (Lee, 1960, p. 25). - Master Graphic symbol Journey 1 from Doing to Obtaining
Scout's growth from doing to obtaining is marked by how she reacts when provoked. When Cecil Jacobs calls Atticus a nigger-lover, she jumps him. When cousin Francis taunts her about her begetter defending Tom Robinson, Spotter, "carve up my knuckle to the os on his front teeth. My left impaired, I sailed in with my correct…" (Lee, 1960, p. 93). By the end of Journeying #ane she has accomplished a bit more than maturity as she tries to keep hold of her temper, "Scout's got to larn to go along her head and larn soon, with what's in store for her these next few months. She's coming along, though. Jem's getting older and she follows his case a practiced bit now" (Lee, 1960, p. 97).
- Obtaining
- Main Character Signpost 2
Lookout man has acquired and put to use curse words in hopes of obtaining her father's permission to drop out of school, "I was proceeding on the dim theory, bated from the innate attractiveness of such words, that if Atticus discovered I had picked them up at school he wouldn't make me become" (Lee, 1960, p. 87).
- Main Grapheme Journey 2 from Obtaining to Learning
Scout acquires information that puts her father's actions into perspective, even though she yet doesn't quite empathize it:
This was news, news that put a new light on things: Atticus had to, (defend Tom Robinson) whether he wanted to or not. I thought it odd that he hadn't said anything to us about information technology-we could have used it many times in defending him and ourselves. (Lee, 1960, p. 180) - Learning
- Master Character Signpost 3
Spotter learns what she can from her older blood brother, ..."everything he read he passed along to me, but with this difference: formerly, considering he idea I'd like it; now, for my edification and instruction" (Lee, 1960, p. 152); she experiences what it is like to visit a different church building and congregation; she learns more about the "Finch Family" from Aunt Alexandra; she learns what rape is from her male parent; and so along.
- Main Character Journey 3 from Learning to Understanding
Scout contemplates her recent experiences and believes there is non much more about life she demand empathise, "As I fabricated my way home, I felt very onetime…I thought Jem and I would get grown but there wasn't much else left for us to learn, except maybe algebra" (Lee, 1960, p. 308).
- Understanding
- Primary Character Signpost 4
Scout cannot embrace how her instructor can hate Hitler for persecuting the Jews, even so countenance the townspeople's racist attitude toward the Negro community; Lookout can't empathise people bitterly opposing Atticus for defending a Negro-and looking askance upon the "bad example" he is setting for his children-yet re-electing him to the land legislature without any opposition; Scout appreciates that Jem is growing to be a man; and then forth.
Influence Character
- Being
- Influence Graphic symbol Signpost i
Boo Radley appears to the townspeople to be:
...a malevolent phantom. People said he existed simply Jem and I had never seen him. People said he went out at nighttime when the moon was high, and peeped in windows. When people's azaleas froze in a common cold snap, it was because he had breathed on them. Whatever stealthy crimes committed in Maycomb were his work. (Lee, 1960, p. 9) - influence Character Journey 1 from Being to Condign
Boo'due south bear upon on the children changes from them looking at him equally existence a horror locked away from the light of twenty-four hours to becoming a strange and curious friendly spirit:
"...he's crazy, I reckon, like they say, but Atticus, I swear to God he ain't ever harmed the states, he own't e'er hurt usa, he coulda cutting my throat from ear to ear that nighttime just he tried to mend my pants instead"...It was obvious that he had not followed a discussion Jem said, for all Atticus said was, "You're correct. We'd better keep this and the coating to ourselves. Some day, maybe, Scout tin can thank him for covering her up." "Thank who?" I asked. "Boo Radley. You lot were then busy looking at the fire you didn't know it when he put the blanket effectually you." My tum turned to water and I about threw up. (Lee, 1960, pp. 79-80) Once Jem realizes Boo is the one leaving gifts for the children, he is able to overcome his fearfulness of Boo and decides to write him a thanks note to continue this new line of communication, "' Dear sir,' said Jem. 'Nosotros appreciate the-no, we appreciate everything which you have put into the tree for u.s.. Your very truly, Jeremy Atticus Finch'" (Lee, 1960, p. 68). - Becoming
- Influence Graphic symbol Signpost 2
Although the children nevertheless think of Boo as a frightening phantom, his actions accept transformed him into more of a friendly ghost than an evil bogeyman ready to cause them harm.
- Influence Graphic symbol Journey 2 from Becoming to Conceiving
As Boo becomes more human in the children's eyes, they cannot conceive of why he has remained in what must be a miserable existence:
"'Why practice you reckon Boo Radley's never run off?' Dill sighed a long sigh and turned away from me. 'Possibly he doesn't have anywhere to run off to…'" (Lee, 1960, p. 159). - Conceiving
- Influence Graphic symbol Signpost 3
The children spend countless hours devising ways to meet Boo Radley:
Dill had hit upon a fool-proof plan to make Boo Radley come out at no price to ourselves (place a trail of lemon drops from the back door to the front thousand and he'd follow it like an ant). (Lee, 1960, p. 159) - Influence Character Journey 3 from Conceiving to Conceptualizing
Upward until Scout and Jem are really in danger, the ideas Boo has come upwardly with to make friends with the children have left his identity ambiguous. Once he sees Bob Ewell terrorizing them, he devises and implements a plan to save them, that in turn reveals to the children the man who has watched over them for many years.
- Conceptualizing
- Influence Graphic symbol Signpost 4
Boo has the idea "his" children are in danger and comes up with a way to protect them.
Relationship Story
- Time to come
- Relationship Story Signpost 1
Scout fears Boo Radley and believes if she comes into contact with him (an event Jem and Dill attempt to make come about) she will have no futurity, "'You all've gone crazy, he'll impale united states'" (Lee, 1960, p. 52).
- Relationship Story Journey 1 from Future to Progress Every bit Spotter grows up and continues to mature, she tires of teasing Boo, "...when I was well into the second form at school and tormenting Boo Radley became passe..." (Lee, 1960, p. 110)
- Progress
- Human relationship Story Signpost 2
Sentry and Boo's relationship advances in a positive way when Boo takes steps to protect the child. Although she does non realize information technology until after the fact, Boo has covered her with a blanket to continue the chill of while she watches Miss Maudie'southward business firm fire.
- Human relationship Story Journey ii from Progress to Present
Picket and Boo's relationship progresses when Lookout stops placing so much importance on her fear of the bogey human being across the street and concentrates on what is happening in school and her family's role in the Tom Robinson trial.
- Present
- Relationship Story Signpost 3
Equally Scout begins to empathize how things stand with Boo in the Radley household, she is more sympathetic toward him.
- Relationship Story Journey 3 from Nowadays to Past
The circumstances between Picket and Boo slowly changes over the class of the story, even so, the situation of their not making contact as friends changes in Journey #3 when Boo saves Scout's and her brother's life. It is at this time that Sentinel is able to put her fright of Boo in the past, and Boo is able to venture out of the house that has kept him an emotional prisoner.
- Past
- Human relationship Story Signpost four
Scout thinks back to how she has treated Boo in the by:
I sometimes felt a twinge of remorse, when passing by the old place, at e'er having taken part in what must accept been sheer torment to Arthur Radley-what reasonable recluse wants children peeping through his shutters, delivering greetings on the terminate of a line-fishing pole, wandering in his collards at dark? (Lee, 1960, p. 267)
Plot Progression Visualizations
Dynamic Human activity Schematics
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Source: https://dramatica.com/analysis/to-kill-a-mockingbird
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